What Are The Two Types Of Diabetes Called – Type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are not the same disease. Find out the difference between the two and how each affects the body.
High blood sugar levels in diabetes can be caused by a lack of insulin or the body’s inability to respond to insulin. Gwen Shockey/Alamy
What Are The Two Types Of Diabetes Called
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes share the problem of high blood sugar levels. The inability to control blood sugar causes symptoms and complications of both types of diabetes. But type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are two different diseases in many ways. According to the latest estimates (2014) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 29.1 million people, or 9.3% of the US population, have diabetes. Type 1 diabetes affects only 5% of older adults and type 2 diabetes affects up to 95%. Here’s what you need to know to be a health expert in the age of diabetes.
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“Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease: The immune system attacks the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas,” said Andjela Drincic, MD, an associate professor of internal medicine in the division of diabetes, endocrinology, and metabolism. University of Nebraska Omaha Medical Center. The exact cause is still unknown, but it’s likely a combination of genetic and environmental factors that turn on the genes.
“The cause of type 2 diabetes is multifactorial,” said Dr. dricic. “People inherit genes that make them vulnerable to type 2, but lifestyle factors, such as obesity and inactivity, are also important. In type 2 diabetes, at least in the early stages, there is enough insulin, but the body is resistant.” Risks of Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes includes family history of the disease, unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. African Americans, Latino Americans, and some African American groups have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes than Caucasian Americans.
Typically, type 1 diabetes is diagnosed in childhood, while type 2 diabetes is diagnosed after age 40. But these rules are not hard and fast. People get type 2 diabetes later in life, and more adults are getting type 1 diabetes, said Shannon Knapp, RN, CDE, diabetes educator at the Cleveland Clinic, emphasizing the need to prevent diabetes at all ages .
People with type 1 diabetes don’t make insulin, and as a result, sugar builds up in the blood instead of entering cells, where it’s needed for energy. In type 1 diabetes, high blood sugar causes symptoms such as thirst, hunger and fatigue and can cause serious side effects, including damage to nerves, blood vessels and internal organs. The same terrible complications of diabetes also appear in type 2. The difference is that people with type 2 diabetes still produce insulin; their bodies weaken over time, which causes problems.
Type 2 Diabetes (the Basics) — Transitional Care Physicians Of America
The first symptoms of type 1 diabetes appear when blood sugar is too high. Symptoms include thirst, hunger, fatigue, frequent urination, weight loss, tingling or numbness in the feet, and blurred vision. High blood sugar can cause rapid breathing, dry skin, shortness of breath, and nausea.
Currently, the first symptoms of type 2 diabetes may not appear for many years, which means the disease can harm a person’s body without them realizing it. Early symptoms include frequent infections, fatigue, frequent urination, thirst, hunger, blurred vision, erectile dysfunction in men, and pain or numbness in the hands or feet. Dricic says that “type 2 diabetes symptoms don’t start as quickly as type 1 diabetes symptoms.”
Blood tests used to diagnose type 1 and type 2 diabetes include fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1C tests, and glucose tolerance tests. The A1C test measures your blood sugar levels over the past few months. A glucose tolerance test measures blood sugar after a sugary drink has been given.
“The blood glucose testing we do to diagnose and manage type 1 diabetes is very similar to the testing we do for type 2 diabetes,” Drincic said. “We can do a blood test that looks for antibodies. That tells us if it’s type 1 or 2.” In type 1 diabetes, the immune system produces antibodies that work against the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, and these antibodies can be detected in blood tests. Your doctor may suspect type 2 diabetes based on your symptoms and risk factors, such as obesity and family history.
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A proper diabetes diet and regular exercise are important for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, Knapp explains. “The biggest difference is that all diabetics have to use insulin,” she says. People with diabetes need to check their blood sugar levels using a device called a glucometer about four times a day to know how much insulin they are producing. take it.”
Treatment for type 2 diabetes also starts with diet and exercise, and oral medications can be used to increase the amount of insulin the pancreas makes, Knapp said. Over time, if the pancreas stops producing insulin, some people with type 2 will need insulin. People with type 2 diabetes need to check their blood sugar, one to several times a day, depending on their health condition.
“Whether it’s type 1 or 2,” Dinsic said, “the big picture of diabetes is to prevent complications,” which have been linked primarily to nerve and blood vessel damage. For example, if you have type 2 diabetes, you are at twice the risk of having a heart attack or stroke than someone without the disease. Other problems include eye problems, kidney disease, foot disease, skin disease, stroke, high blood pressure, mental retardation, and high cholesterol.
“There is currently no way to prevent or treat type 1 diabetes,” Dricic said. “There’s a lot of promising research, but it’s still in its early stages.” Other measures include targeting the cells of the immune system that cause an autoimmune response. Other possibilities include the use of stem cells or pancreas transplants.
Symptoms Of Type 2 Diabetes
Another area of research is diet and its effects on both prevention and maintenance of diabetes. A study published in March 2017 in the British Journal of Nutrition claimed that eating a diet rich in plant nutrients and low in meat consumption reduces a person’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The results showed that some compounds found in meat , rather than specific proteins, increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. In addition to eating a healthy diet rich in plant nutrients, a large number of studies show that exercise is not only important for weight management, but also to maintain a healthy and optimistic mindset.
“The best treatment for type 2 diabetes is prevention, and the research on that is very exciting,” Drincic said. “Moderate weight loss and regular exercise can significantly reduce or delay type 2 diabetes.” For example, the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS), a landmark study published in December 2003 in the journal Diabetes Care.
Followed 522 obese middle-aged subjects with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. A weight-loss diet and 30 minutes of exercise a day reduced the risk of developing diabetes by 58 percent compared with those who didn’t follow a diet. or an exercise regimen.
New Study Finds Intermittent Fasting: A Diet That Can Cause Type 2 Diabetes In Just 3 Months December 15, 2022Mary Ellen Phipps, MPH, RDN, LD, founder of Milk & Honey Nutrition, is a registered dietitian nutritionist who connects her knowledge about diabetes and its cooking skills in easy-to-follow recipes and articles!
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Most people have heard of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes, but did you know there are many other types of diabetes?
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Diabetes involves several metabolic disorders that affect insulin production, insulin action, or both. Insulin is produced by the pancreas to allow glucose to enter the body’s cells and be used for energy.
When blood glucose levels rise, the pancreas releases insulin into the blood. Insulin then attaches itself to the body’s cells and allows glucose to enter and be metabolized and used as energy.
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In patients with diabetes, insulin is not made or cannot attach to the cell for glucose to enter. In this case, glucose builds up in the blood. This buildup of glucose can cause various health problems if left untreated.
High blood glucose levels over a long period of time can affect different parts of the body. One of the worst side effects of high glucose is called diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a serious and serious side effect of high glucose levels that can lead to life-threatening consequences.
When cells can’t use the glucose in the blood, the liver tries to make energy
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