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What Are The Different Types Of Communication Networks
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Network Protocol Definition
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Different Types Of Computer Networks
We have updated our privacy policy to comply with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Devices exchange data over the network. In other words, network protocols can be equivalent to languages that two devices must understand to seamlessly communicate information, regardless of their infrastructure and design differences.
To understand the nuances of network protocols, it is first important to know about the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Internet Communications Considered the basic architectural model for communication, the majority of network protocols in use today are based on the OSI model.
The OSI model divides the communication process between two network devices into 7 layers. A task or group of tasks is assigned to each of these 7 layers. All layers are autonomous, and the tasks assigned to them can be performed independently.
To put this in context, here is a representation of the communication process between two network devices according to the OSI model:
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The seven layers in the OSI model can be divided into two groups: the upper layers, which include layers 7, 6, and 5, and the lower layers, which include 4, 3, 2, and 1. Upper layers deal with application issues, and lower layers deal with data transport issues.
Network protocols divide the communication process into distinct functions at each layer of the OSI model. One or more network protocols operate at each layer in the communication exchange.
The operation of network protocols in a computer network is detailed below at each layer of the OSI model:
Although some argue that the OSI model is now obsolete and less important than the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/IP network model, references to the OSI model still exist today because the model structures discussions about protocols. It helps to guide. And different technologies in contrast.
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Now that you know how the OSI model works, you can dive right into the protocol classification. Some of the prominent protocols used in network communication are listed below.
DHCP is a communication protocol that allows network administrators to automate the assignment of IP addresses in a network. In an IP network, each device that connects to the Internet needs a unique IP address. DHCP allows network administrators to allocate IP addresses from a central point and automatically assign a new IP address when a device is connected from another location on the network. DHCP works on a client-server model.
The DNS protocol helps translate or map hostnames to IP addresses. DNS works on a client-server model, and uses a distributed database to classify name servers.
Hosts are identified based on their IP address, but remembering an IP address is difficult due to its complexity. IPs are also dynamic, it is most important to map domain names to IP addresses. DNS helps solve this problem by converting the domain names of websites into numeric IP addresses.
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The File Transfer Protocol enables file exchange between local and remote hosts, and runs on top of TCP. For file transfer, FTP creates two TCP connections: control and data connections. The control connection is used to transfer control information such as passwords, commands to retrieve and save files, etc., and the data connection is used to transfer the actual file. Both these connections run in parallel during the entire file transfer process.
HTTP is an application layer protocol used for distributed, collaborative and hypermedia information systems. It works on a client-server model, where a web browser acts as a client. Data such as text, images and other multimedia files are shared on the World Wide Web using HTTP. As a request and response type protocol, the client sends a request to the server, which is then processed by the server before sending a response to the client.
HTTP is a stateful protocol, which means that the client and server are only aware of each other while the connection between them is maintained. After that, both the clerk and the server forget each other’s existence. Due to this phenomenon, both client and server cannot maintain information between requests.
IMAP is an e-mail protocol that allows end users to manipulate access to messages on the mail server from their e-mail client as if they were available locally on their remote device. IMAP follows a client-server model, allowing multiple clients to simultaneously access messages on a shared mail server. IMAP includes the functions of creating, deleting and renaming mailboxes; Check for new messages; permanently delete messages; Set and remove flags; And much more. The current version of IMAP is version 4 version 1.
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Post Office Protocol is also an email protocol. With this protocol, end users can download emails from the mail server to their email client. If the emails are downloaded locally, they can be read without an internet connection. Even if emails are transferred locally, they are deleted from the mail server, freeing up space. Unlike IMAP4, POP3 is not designed for extensive manipulation of messages on the mail server. POP3 is the latest version of the Post Office protocol.
SMTP is a protocol designed to transmit electronic mail reliably and efficiently. SMTP is a push protocol and is used to send email, while POP and IMAP are used to receive emails on the end user side. SMTP transfers emails between systems, and provides information about incoming emails. With SMTP, a client can transmit an email to another client on the same network or to another network through a relay or gateway that accesses both networks.
Telnet is an application layer protocol that allows a user to communicate with a remote device. A Telnet client is installed on a user’s machine that has access to the command line interface of another remote machine running the Telnet server program.
Telnet is often used by network administrators to access and manage remote devices. To gain access to a remote device, a network administrator must enter the IP or hostname of the remote device, after which they will be presented with a virtual terminal that can communicate with the host.
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SNMP is an application layer protocol used to manage nodes, such as servers, workstations, routers, switches, etc., on an IP network. SNMP allows network administrators to monitor network performance, identify network errors, and resolve them. The SNMP protocol consists of three components: a managed device, an SNMP agent, and an SNMP manager.
The SNMP agent resides on the managed device. An agent is a software module that has local knowledge of management information, and translates this information into a form compatible with the SNMP manager. The SNMP manager presents the data received by the SNMP agent, helping network administrators to effectively manage nodes.
Currently, there are three versions of SNMP: SNMP v1, SNMP v2, and SNMP v3. Both versions 1 and 2 have many features in common, but SNMP v2 offers improvements such as additional protocol operations. SNMP version 3 (SNMP v3) adds security and remote configuration capabilities to previous versions.
The Lightweight Presentation Protocol helps manage support for OSI application services in networks running on the TCP/IP protocol for certain restricted environments. LPP is designed for a special class of OSI applications, namely those entities whose application context contains only one Association Control Service Element (ACSE) and one Remote Operation Service Element (ROSE). The LPP is not applicable to entities whose application context is broader, i.e. includes a reliable transmission service element.
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RPC is a protocol for making a service request from a program to a remote computer over a network, and can be used without understanding network technologies. RPC uses TCP or UDP to communicate between programs. RPC also works on a client-server model. The requesting program is the client, and